Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences

This study examined the effects of transformational leadership and organizational commitment on the performance of leprosy program managers and tested Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) as a mediating mechanism. A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted among 174 civil servants responsible for leprosy control programs across 17 district and city health offices in Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Respondents were selected using proportionate simple random sampling. Data were collected using a structured five-point Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4 with 5,000 bootstrap subsamples. Transformational leadership had significant positive effects on employee performance (β = 0.236, p < 0.001) and OCB (β = 0.395, p < 0.001). Organizational commitment significantly predicted OCB (β = 0.537, p < 0.001) but had no significant direct effect on performance (β = 0.066, p = 0.206). OCB strongly predicted employee performance (β = 0.678, p < 0.001). The indirect effects confirmed that OCB partially mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and performance (β = 0.268, p < 0.001) and fully mediated the relationship between organizational commitment and performance (β = 0.364, p < 0.001). These findings identify OCB as a key behavioral mechanism through which transformational leadership and organizational commitment enhance the performance of leprosy program managers. The study provides practical implications for strengthening leadership practices, employee involvement, and extra-role behavior in public health organizations.

Keywords: Transformational leadership; organizational commitment; organizational citizenship behavior; employee performance; leprosy control; public health management; PLS-SEM.

DOI https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.53.7.7

This study investigates the influence of organizational commitment on turnover intention through emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among personnel of the Security Intelligence Directorate of the Southeast Sulawesi Regional Police, a public-sector institution characterized by high job demands and operational pressure. A quantitative survey was conducted involving 150 personnel, and the data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on emotional intelligence and job satisfaction but does not directly influence turnover intention. Emotional intelligence significantly reduces turnover intention, whereas job satisfaction has no significant effect. Furthermore, emotional intelligence fully mediates the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intention, while job satisfaction does not serve as a significant mediator. These findings contribute to the organizational behavior literature by highlighting the pivotal role of emotional intelligence as a psychological mechanism through which organizational commitment can reduce turnover intention in public-sector security organizations.

Keywords: organizational commitment, emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, turnover intention, police personnel, public sector, and SmartPLS.

DOI https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.53.7.6

Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of dengue and several other arboviral diseases, and its control remains heavily dependent on chemical insecticides. However, the prolonged and widespread use of insecticides has promoted the development of resistance, including knockdown resistance associated with mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene. This study assessed insecticide susceptibility and investigated the occurrence of the S989P and V1016G kdr mutations in Aedes aegypti populations collected from dengue-endemic areas of West Sumatra, Indonesia. Mosquitoes were sampled from six districts. Larval susceptibility to temephos and adult susceptibility to malathion, permethrin, and alpha-cypermethrin were evaluated using standard World Health Organization bioassays. VGSC genotyping was performed using tetra-primer amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. The bioassays revealed marked geographical variation in insecticide susceptibility, with widespread resistance to malathion, permethrin, and alpha-cypermethrin across the study sites. Molecular analysis detected the S989P and V1016G substitutions, corresponding to serine-to-proline and valine-to-glycine amino acid changes, respectively. These findings demonstrate reduced susceptibility to multiple insecticides and provide region-specific molecular evidence of kdr-associated mutations in Aedes aegypti populations from West Sumatra. Although the number of genotyped specimens was limited, the results provide important baseline information for expanded resistance surveillance and the development of evidence-based insecticide resistance management and vector-control strategies.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; insecticide resistance; knockdown resistance; voltage-gated sodium channel; S989P; V1016G; West Sumatra.

DOI https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.53.7.5

Geopolitical conflicts, including armed conflict, economic sanctions, trade restrictions, and financial disruptions, increasingly shape access to medicines in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This conceptual policy commentary examines the pathways through which geopolitical pressures affect pharmaceutical systems and argues that they should be recognized as structural determinants of medicine access. Existing evidence indicates that disruptions to global pharmaceutical supply chains, banking and payment channels, logistics networks, and procurement systems can increase costs, delay deliveries, and intensify medicine shortages. These effects are particularly severe in import-dependent LMICs with limited domestic manufacturing capacity and may compromise continuity of care and widen existing health inequities. Strengthening pharmaceutical-system resilience requires the integration of geopolitical risk assessment into pharmaceutical policy, diversification of suppliers and procurement routes, development of strategic stockpiles, expansion of regional pooled procurement, and support for local production of active pharmaceutical ingredients and generic medicines. Stronger global and regional governance mechanisms are also needed to safeguard humanitarian exemptions and promote equitable access during crises. Integrating geopolitical analysis into pharmaceutical policy and health-systems research can support more anticipatory, resilient, and equitable responses in LMICs.

Keywords: geopolitical conflict; access to medicines; pharmaceutical supply chains; economic sanctions; health-system resilience; low- and middle-income countries.

DOI https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.53.7.4

This study evaluates the economy-wide employment effects of a combined green fiscal reform package in Indonesia and examines their implications for labour displacement and a just transition. A national comparative-static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model based on the WAYANG framework was calibrated to a Social Accounting Matrix derived from the 2020 Indonesian Input–Output Table. The model distinguishes 30 production sectors and nine occupational groups. The policy experiment simultaneously increases the tax on coal-fired electricity inputs by 10%, reduces the tax on solar-power inputs by 10%, and improves production efficiency in targeted agricultural sectors by 1%. No explicit revenue-recycling mechanism is imposed, and all outcomes are reported as percentage deviations from the 2020 benchmark equilibrium.
The combined reform produces heterogeneous employment effects across sectors. Employment declines most strongly in maize (−1.17%), fresh milk (−1.07%), paddy (−1.05%), poultry products (−1.00%), livestock (−0.94%), and groundnut (−0.93%). By contrast, employment expands most in meat and fish products (+0.72%), other agricultural products (+0.71%), and rice milling and rice products (+0.63%), indicating a reallocation of labour from several primary activities toward downstream and value-added production. Labour-price indices increase slightly, by 0.15–0.16%, although these increases do not consistently coincide with employment growth. Occupational employment responses generally follow the corresponding sectoral patterns, but skilled agricultural and forestry workers experience relatively stronger demand in selected manufacturing and service sectors.
Because the model does not directly estimate Indonesia’s official unemployment rate, negative sectoral employment changes are interpreted as potential displacement or unemployment pressure when released workers are not immediately absorbed by expanding activities. The findings suggest that green fiscal reform should be viewed not only as an environmental instrument but also as an employment-restructuring policy. Its implementation should therefore be accompanied by targeted reskilling, temporary income support, labour-mobility assistance, regional adjustment measures, and support for labour-absorbing downstream industries.

Keywords: green fiscal reform; sectoral employment; labour reallocation; computable general equilibrium model; unemployment pressure; just transition; Indonesia.

DOI https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.53.7.3