Technology for the Development of Natural Shampoo of Duku Bark Extract (Lancium Domesticum Corr) as a Prevention Effort Against Pediculosis
Abstract
Pediculosis, an infestation caused by head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis), is a common parasitic condition affecting the human scalp. Although synthetic chemical agents such as lindane, pyrethrin, permethrin, and malathion are widely employed to prevent and treat head lice infestations, their continuous use has led to the development of drug resistance. Consequently, the exploration of natural substances with insecticidal properties, known as pediculosides, has become increasingly necessary. This study investigates the pediculosidal activity of ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts derived from duku bark (Lansium domesticum) against lice at different developmental stages—eggs, nymphs, and adults—at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results demonstrated that the mean number of inactive (non-viable) eggs was 6.72 at 10% concentration, 18.22 at 15%, and 17.06 at 20%, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.002. In contrast, mortality among nymphs averaged 10.06 individuals at 10%, 15.56 at 15%, and 16.39 at 20%, without reaching statistical significance (p = 0.169). For adult lice, the mean mortality was 7.83 at 10%, 13.22 at 15%, and 20.94 at 20%, yielding a highly significant p-value of 0.001.
Keywords: Pediculosis, Pediculus humanus capitis, Duku Bark Extract, Natural Pediculosides, Head Lice Control, Plant-Based Insecticides.
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