Frequency of Anxiety and Depression among Diabetic Patients and Their Association with Hepatorenal Biomarkers

Sidra Khalid, Shahid Bashir, Riffat Mehboob, Tehreem Anwar, Ayesha Riaz, Maria Fareed Siddiqi, Amir Nadeem, Uzma Malik, Syeda Zainab Ali, Imran Shahid, Shahnai Basharat

Abstract

In patients with diabetes, the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders may be up to two times higher. The aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio has been used to assess the severity of several chronic liver diseases. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of anxiety and depression among patients with diabetes and evaluate its association with hepatorenal biomarkers. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Diabetes Center of Akhuwat Health Services, Lahore. The sample size, considering the dropout and exclusion criteria, was 203. Data collection tools were questionnaires containing demographic information and an anxiety and depression index scale. Measures included the patient’s random blood glucose level, HbA1c, ALT, and AST. Data processing used SPSS version 27.0. Statistical analysis used the independent sample t-test. The mean age of participants was 50.51±12.63. 139 (68.5%) of participants were male, and 64 (31.5%) were female. 8 (3.9%) participants had no anxious depression, 56 (27.5%) had subclinical anxiety, 122 (60.0%) had minor anxious depression, and 17 (8.3%) had severe one. The mean anxiety depression score of females was 10.85±5.22. The mean anxiety depression score of males was 9.56±5.13 with a p-value of 0.106. The majority of participants, 125 (61.57%), were in the score range of 8-17 (minor anxious depression), in which 110 participants had normal ALT and 15 had high ALT. Similarly, the majority of participants, 125 (61.57%), were in the score range of 8-17 (minor anxious depression), in which 109 participants had normal ALT and 16 had high AST. The findings are consistent with those of other studies that show a significant frequency of anxiety among patients with diabetes.


Keywords: anxiety, aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, diabetes, depression, hepatorenal biomarkers.

 

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.50.10.14


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References


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