Enhancing Energy Sustainability in Two-Tier Heterogeneous Cellular Networks in 5G through Idle Mode Capabilities
Abstract
The rise of 5G technology has led to increased data traffic on cellular networks, resulting in higher energy consumption and strain on backhaul lines. Two-tier heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) with idle mode capability (IMC) offer a solution. This research investigates the impact of transitioning from 2G to 5G and varying the pico to macro base station density ratio β on energy-efficient resource allocation in a two-tier HetNet with IMC. The study employs a 3D model considering user equipment (UE) distance and a practical 3GPP path loss model. Network performance is assessed based on the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) derived from the average power. The results indicate that optimizing antenna height and gain, increasing pico base station (PBS) density, and reducing macro base station (MBS) density enhance energy efficiency (EE). IMC mode, which deactivates inactive BSs, further improves EE and reduces backhaul data volume. These findings emphasize the potential of IMC for efficient resource allocation in two-tier HetNets, mitigating energy consumption and backhaul challenges in modern cellular networks.
Keywords: energy sustainability, two-tier heterogeneous cellular network, idle mode capability, energy efficiency, energy saving strategies.
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