Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences

Breast cancer ranks as one of the leading causes of death globally, while mortality rates due to breast cancer continue to rise. In Indonesia, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer, with women dying from breast cancer at a higher rate than men. Primary cultures play a significant role in examining the behavior of breast cancer cells. Because explant cultures can be performed directly from the primary tumor, they constitute a promising new tool for observing cell migration in cancer, including breast cancer. Nevertheless, the use of explant cultures to predict the migration of breast cancer cells has yet to be investigated. This study aims to assess the potential of the explant culture method to predict the migration ability of breast cancer cells in vitro. Tumor explants from two different patients were evaluated in this study. The explant cultures were observed for 14 days until passage, and the results were examined using a microscope. We found that BC02 cells took less than seven days to migrate from the primary tumor, while BC01 cells took 21 days. Furthermore, a mammosphere was observed in the BC02 sample. The rate of cell migration from the tissue depends on the malignant status of the tissue. In conclusion, this study suggests that explant cultures can be used to study the characteristics of cancer cell migration and its correlation with the malignancy of the original tissue.

Keywords: explant culture, cell migration, breast cancer, in vitro.

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.5.16

The purpose of this research was to publicize the use of agro-industrial substrates in obtaining PHAs-type granules, which are synthesized intracellularly by some bacterial genera as reserve material when they encounter nutrient limitations, which would replace synthetic polymers, but the cost of elaboration of this process is expensive, for that reason in the present study different concentrations of substrate were evaluated using a DBCA experimental design. The study to obtain PHA was carried out in three concentrations of ED from cassava starch during two fermentation times. The best time was 72 hours with adding 10g/L hydrolyzed cassava starch syrup. Initiating the isolation of the bacterium from soils where the PHA-producing bacteria live, for its identification, the Gram and molecular staining technique (PCR) was used, and it was distinguished as a Gram-negative bacterium whose carbon source was the yucca flour syrup. Subsequently, the protocol of conditions that intervene in the batch-type fermentation was established. During this time, the accumulation of PHAs, the consumption of glucose, and the accumulation of cells were evaluated through a microbial growth curve. Next, the extraction of the biopolymer was carried out using solutions with acid. Finally, the lamination of the biopolymer was carried out, which does not completely cover the proposed product. Rather, it was possible to cover 10% of the entire product.

Keywords: reducing sugars, polyhydroxyalkanoates, Gram and molecular staining technique, hydrolysis.

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.5.15

Hemolytic disease of newborn (HDN) consequences lead to considerable morbidity and mortality, and so immediate diagnosis and treatment to prevent serious repercussions are crucial. Since investigative and preventative measures of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) in Sudan lack adherence to standard international protocols (due to a lack of adequate antenatal care), this study may be useful in improving quality of life. The present study aimed to determine different hematological parameters (Hb, HCT, RBC, and erythroblast values) and maternal–fetal ABO blood type incompatibility among Sudanese jaundiced neonates with HDN. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 305 mothers and their fetuses admitted to Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan. ABO and rhesus (RhD) blood groups, direct antiglobulin test (DAT), CBC, and a comment on blood smear were determined for the jaundiced newborns and used for data analysis. The history of total bilirubin, direct bilirubin level, mother’s age, gestational age, weight, gender, phototherapy, blood exchange, and presence of fever of neonates were recorded during the study. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS Software Version 16. The overall frequency of HDN with positive DAT was 57 (18.9%). RhD, ABO, and other blood group system incompatibility in HDN were 4 (1.3%), 18 (5.9%), and 35 (11.4%), respectively. There was statistical significance in total and direct bilirubin, gestational age, transfusion history, and phototherapy. There was a highly significant association between a positive Coomb’s test and the presence of abnormal peripheral cells (spherocyte, NRBCs, polychromasia, and target). This study revealed that the prevalence of HDFN with hyperbilirubinemia was 57 (18.9%), which remains a challenge due to the lack of standard protocols in Sudan. RhD remains the most significant antigen contributing to HDFN, although prophylactic anti-D was used. There was a significant association between DAT and abnormal blood cells.

Keywords: hemolytic disease of newborn, hyperbilirubinemia, ABO, blood group.

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.5.14

A quantitative analysis of landslides was carried out in this research to ascertain the risk that will be incurred on housing development built along hillside slopes. The study uses results from the most recent landslides analysis of GIS data and soft computing techniques to describe a concept for determining risk in a housing development situated on the hillside. The concepts presented by this study are timely, which means that computations define the time in which the housing development becomes vulnerable to landslides. The general idea enclosed in this research was to merge recent landslides analysis with real-life situations. The study location for this research was an already developed area situated along the hillside slopes of Bukit Antrabangsa, Malaysia. The approach includes predicting landslides using a novel machine-learning algorithm ensemble, the random subspace technique. The prediction process relates to the probability of occurrence of the slides responsible for the vulnerability of the housing development. A landslides prediction technique that employs GIS data to develop a geospatial database and machine learning algorithms for predicting future occurrences was used to produce the landslides inventory. The study area’s landslide inventory was then used as reference locations to predict landslide occurrence under the influence of ten landslide predisposing factors. Prediction results were evaluated for accuracy using the ROC (receiver operator characteristics) and calculated the AUC (area under the curve). Other parameters used to decide the quality of the models include the RSME (root-mean-square error), the MAE (mean absolute error), and the F-measure. The results obtained from the statistical analysis of the model show that the model has high predictive and success rates. The soft computing results now gave ways to obtain a timely probability of occurrence of the slides using a deterministic approach. The analysis was concluded by providing a conceptual equation to determine the timely probability of the slides using the available hazard information.

Keywords: landslide risk mapping, random subspace, failure, machine learning, risk analysis, hillside development.

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.5.13

This research was conducted to obtain information about the phenomenon of suicide in Gunungkidul. This type of research is descriptive with a case study qualitative approach. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Informants were determined purposively among those who could provide information related to the phenomenon of suicide, namely, related regional apparatus organizations, NGOs, community leaders, religious leaders, and families of the suicide perpetrators. The research results concluded that the perpetrators committed suicide not because they believed in the “scavenger hunt” but because of depression due to losing their job, inability to support their families, divorce, infidelity to breakup. Meanwhile, suicide in the elderly results from chronic illness and loneliness due to the neglect of family members.

Keywords: suicide, human tragedy, myth, relief efforts.

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.5.12