Evaluation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antibiofilm Activity of Chlorogenic Acid-Protamine Sulfate Combination Using Ex Vivo Porcine Skin Model

Nisreen Ahmad Dahshan, Suha Mujahed Abudoleh, Ahmad Talhouni, Zahira Alkhani

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa plays an important role in chronic wound infection due to the development of biofilms. Biofilm infections are characterized by decreased antibiotic susceptibility and resistance to host immune responses. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of combining chlorogenic acid and protamine sulfate on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm, looking for a novel, safe strategy to fight biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa without using antibiotics to reduce the dependency on antibiotics, with improving efficacy. This combination's biofilm inhibitory activity was evaluated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm cultured on an ex vivo porcine skin explant model that mimics wound conditions. The activity was detected using a sessile viability count. No significant difference in the bacterial load was detected when the explants were treated either with chlorogenic acid (12 mg/mL) or protamine sulfate (0.5 mg/mL). On the other hand, a combination of chlorogenic acid (12 mg/mL) and protamine sulfate (0.5 mg/mL) showed a significant decrease in the bacterial load with 3 Log cycle reduction compared to the control untreated group. This combination was not tested before, and it is a promising alternative therapy inhibiting biofilm formation from being clinically translated in wound management.

 

Keywords: porcine skin explant, antibiofilm, chlorogenic acid, protamine sulfate.


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