Economically Important Freshwater Fish Native to Indonesia: Diversity, Ecology, and History
Abstract
This paper aims to enlighten native Indonesian freshwater fish species to play a bigger role in building the Indonesian economy. Diversity, ecology, and environmental sciences related to these economically important fish are discussed in this paper. Forty-one publications were used as baseline data. Collected data and information were then used to figure out the present situation and condition of the topics of this study. This study has several points: 1) understanding of the diversity of local fish that have high economic value such as pangas catfish (“Patin”), red tail catfish (“Baung”), sheat catfish (“Lais”), walking catfish (“Lele”) and snakehead (“Gabus”); 2) knowledge of fish ecology in Indonesia as the basis for native species management considering that inland water ecosystems are the habitat of various types of fish; 3) The connection between major rivers in the past is following the geological history of the Southeast Asian region which shows the similarity of diversity and distribution of fish in connected areas in the past. The distribution of the Pangasiid fishes pattern supports the region's geographic boundaries, which suggests that the Salween basin is the eastern boundary for several genera in India and the boundary for genera from Southeast Asia. The results showed that many types of freshwater fish with important economic value had not been utilized optimally for their potential in various ecosystems in Indonesia. The study concluded that past and present causes of species loss and increase were due to different causes.
Keywords: ecology, freshwater, native species.
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