Ameliorating Effects of Croton Bonplandianus Leaves against Gentamicin Induced Acute Liver and Kidney Injury: A Biochemical and Histopathological Investigation
Abstract
The utilization of natural constituents for the treatment of various medical complaints is well established. The members of the Euphorbiaceae family, especially the Croton genus, are reported to be rich in diterpenoids and showing various biological activities. Many activities of Croton bonplandianus are still unfolded therefore, current study is designed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of aqueous extract of C. bonplandianus against gentamicin-induced liver and kidney injuries in rats. The aqueous extract of leaves (27-81 mg/kg) was administered to albino rats Wistar strain for eight days with concurrent administration of gentamicin (100 mg/kg) daily. The protective effect of the aqueous extracts on the liver was determined by liver function tests (SGPT, ALT, GGT, Bilirubin) and kidney functions were evaluated by assessment of plasma biomarkers including urea, creatinine, uric acid and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate). Histopathological studies of liver and kidney tissue were carried out by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H& E) staining confirmation of the consequences. Significant alterations in liver and kidney tissues treated groups with aqueous extracts of leaves were obtained in lower doses (27-54 mg/kg). Similarly, serum levels of SGPT, ALT, GGT, bilirubin, creatinine, and urea in the treated group were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) at similar doses, whereas no significant changes were founded in levels of ions and uric acids. The histological examination of the liver and kidney confirmed the biochemical changes in treated rats. The underlying results demonstrate the protective effect of aqueous leave extracts Croton bonplandianus on an acute liver and kidney injury rat model. The hepato and renal protective effects of C. bonplandianus are certainly due to the presence of diterpenoids flavonoids and polyphenols exhibiting free radical or oxygen scavenging activities.
Keywords: Croton bonplandianus, gentamicin, histopathological studies, nephroprotective effect.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
AKHTAR M. F., SALEEM A., and SALEEM M. A comprehensive review on ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and phytochemical basis of anticancer medicinal plants in Pakistan. Current Cancer Drug Targets, 2019, 19(2): 120-151. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568009618666180706164536
ADEWUSI E., & AFOLAYAN A. J. A review of natural products with hepatoprotective activity. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2010, 4(13): 1318-1334. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14787
BABAEENEZHAD E., NOURYAZDAN N., NASRI M., AHMADVAND H., and SARABI M. M. Cinnamic acid ameliorate gentamicin-induced liver dysfunctions and nephrotoxicity in rats through induction of antioxidant activities. Heliyon, 2021, 7(7): e07465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07465
YASIN H., MAHMUD S., ABRAR H., ARSALAN A., JAHAN N., FATIMA K., BANO R., HUSSAIN R. A., and ISLAM M. Anti-inflammatory and histopathological studies of leaves extracts of Croton bonplandianus in Albino rats. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, 34(2): 747-753. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34275810/
JADHAV V., GHAWATE V., and SINGH N. Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Croton bonplandianum Baill leaves. International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences, 2020, 11(7).
DIVYA S., NAVEEN KRISHNA K., RAMACHANDRAN S., and DHANARAJU M. Wound healing and in vitro antioxidant activities of Croton bonplandianum leaf extract in rats. Global Journal of Pharmacology, 2011, 5(3): 159-163. https://www.idosi.org/gjp/5(3)11/8.pdf
SURESH M., ALFONISAN M., ALTURAIKI W., AL ABOODY M. S., ALFAIZ F. A., PREMANATHAN M., VIJAYAKUMAR R., UMAMAGHESWARI K., AL GHAMDI S., and ABDALLAH ALSAGABY S. Investigations of bioactivity of Acalypha indica (L.), Centella asiatica (L.) and croton bonplandianus (Baill) against multidrug resistant bacteria and cancer cells. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2020, 28(2): 100359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100359
DE OLIVEIRA A. M., DE FREITAS A. F. S., COSTA W. K., MACHADO J. C. B., BEZERRA I. C. F., FERREIRA M. R. A., GUEDES PAIVA P. M., NAPOLEÃO T. H., and LIRA SOARES L. A. Flavonoid-rich fraction of Croton blanchetianus Baill. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves: Chemical profile, acute and subacute toxicities, genotoxicity and antioxidant potential. South African Journal of Botany, 2022, 144(5): 238-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.08.040
SOZEN H., CELIK O. I., CETIN E. S., YILMAZ N., AKSOZEK A., TOPAL Y., CIGERCI I. H., and BEYDILLI H. Evaluation of the protective effect of silibinin in rats with liver damage caused by itraconazole. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2015, 71(2): 1215-1223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-014-0331-8
CHOUDHURY D., & AHMED Z. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity. The Medical clinics of North America, 1997, 81(3): 705-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70541-1
COLOMBO A., MERONI C. A., CIPOLLA C. M., and CARDINALE D. Managing cardiotoxicity of chemotherapy. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2013, 15(4): 410-424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-013-0248-3
RAD A. K., MOHEBBATI R., and HOSSEINIAN S. Drug-induced nephrotoxicity and medicinal plants. Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases, 2017, 11(3): 169. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28575877/
BULBOACĂ A. E., PORFIRE A. S., RUS V., NICULA C. A., BULBOACĂ C. A., and BOLBOACĂ S. D. Protective effect of liposomal epigallocatechin-gallate in experimental gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants, 2022, 11(2): 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020412
JAFARIPOUR L., NASERZADEH R., AHMADVAND H., HADIPOUR MORADI F., GHOBADI K., ALIZAMANI E., and NOURYAZDAN N. Effects of L-glutamine on oxidative stress in gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity rats. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 2019, 26(1): 36-42. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332950615_Effects_of_L-glutamine_on_oxidative_stress_in_gentamicin_induced_hepatotoxicity_rats
AL-KURAISHY H. M., AL-GAREEB A., and RASHEED H. A. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin contribute into attenuation of acute gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2019, 12(3): 466-468. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i3.30875
KHAKSARI M., ESMAILI S., ABEDLOO R., and KHASTAR H. Palmatine ameliorates nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021, 127(3): 273-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13813455.2019.1633354
AMALIA R., AULIFA D. L., ZAIN D. N., PEBIANSYAH A., and LEVITA J. The cytotoxicity and nephroprotective activity of the ethanol extracts of angelica keiskei Koidzumi stems and leaves against the NAPQI-induced human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021, 2021: 6458265. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6458265
SADASHIVA C., HUSSAIN H. F., and NANJUNDAIAH S. Evaluation of hepatoprotective, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of aqueous extract of turmeric rhizome (Turmesac®). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2019, 13(17): 423-430. https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2019.6824
WINTER C. A., RISLEY E. A., and NUSS G. W. Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for antiinflammatory drugs. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 1962, 111(3): 544-547. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-111-27849
DHRUVE P., NAUMAN M., KALE R. K., and SINGH R. P. A novel hepatoprotective activity of Alangium salviifolium in mouse model. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022, 45(2): 576-588. https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2020.1733593
MOHAMED A. S., GAMAL M. A., EL-ZAYAT E., and SULIMAN H. Sea cucumbers-saponin ameliorates hepatorenal toxicity induced by Gentamicin in rats. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, 14(3): 129-136. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0069
ABRAR H., NAQVI S., AHMED M. R., ALI A. B., and YASIN H. Ameliorating Effect of a Beta-Blocker, Propranolol on Carbamazepine-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rabbits. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2019, 51(1): 341-346. http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/2019.51.1.341.346
OKOKON J. E., NWAFOR P. A., and NOAH K. Nephroprotective effect of Croton zambesicus root extract against gentimicin-induced kidney injury. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2011, 4(12): 969-972. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1995-7645(11)60228-9
AYZA M. A., RAJKAPOOR B., WONDAFRASH D. Z., and BERHE A. H. Protective Effect of Croton macrostachyus (Euphorbiaceae) Stem Bark on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology, 2020, 12: 275. https://doi.org/10.2147/jep.s260731
IQBAL S. M., HUSSAIN L., HUSSAIN M., AKRAM H., ASIF M., JAMSHED A., SALEEM A., and SIDDIQUE R. Nephroprotective potential of a standardized extract of bambusa arundinacea: in vitro and in vivo studies. ACS Omega, 2022, 7(21): 18159-18167. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c02047
THANG HOANG D., HIEN TRUONG T. T., VIET DUC N., ANH HOANG L. T., DO T. T., VINH L. B., YANG S. Y., GAO D., and LE T. Hepatoprotective Effects of Extract of Helicteres hirsuta Lour. on Liver Fibrosis Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats. Applied Sciences, 2021, 11(18): 8758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188758
URRUTIA-HERNÁNDEZ T. A., SANTOS-LÓPEZ J. A., BENEDÍ J., SÁNCHEZ-MUNIZ F. J., VELÁZQUEZ-GONZÁLEZ C., DE LA O-ARCINIEGA M., JARAMILLO-MORALES O. A., and BAUTISTA M. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of croton hypoleucus extract in an induced-necrosis model in rats. Molecules, 2019, 24(14): 2533. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24142533
DUTTA S., CHAKRABORTY A. K., DEY P., KAR P., GUHA P., SEN S., KUMAR A., SEN A., and CHAUDHURI T. K. Amelioration of CCl4 induced liver injury in Swiss albino mice by antioxidant rich leaf extract of Croton bonplandianus Baill. PLoS One, 2018, 13(4): e0196411. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196411
ALI F. E., HASSANEIN E. H., BAKR A. G., EL-SHOURA E. A., EL-GAMAL D. A., MAHMOUD A. R., and ABD-ELHAMID T. H. Ursodeoxycholic acid abrogates gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: Role of NF-κB-p65/TNF-α, Bax/Bcl-xl/Caspase-3, and eNOS/iNOS pathways. Life Sciences, 2020, 254: 117760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117760
BAGSHAW S. M., and GIBNEY R. T. N. Conventional markers of kidney function. Critical Care Medicine, 2008, 36(4): S152-S158. https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e318168c613
DEN BAKKER E., GEMKE R. J., and BÖKENKAMP A. Endogenous markers for kidney function in children: a review. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2018, 55(3): 163-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2018.1427041
HSU L.-S., HO H.-H., LIN M.-C., CHYAU C.-C., PENG J.-S., and WANG C.-J. Mulberry water extracts (MWEs) ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2012, 50(9): 3086-3093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.055
YASIN H., MAHMUD S., RIZWANI G. H., PERVEEN R., ABRAR H., and FATIMA K. Effects of aqueous leaves extract of Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb) Planch on liver and kidney histopathology of albino rats. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019, 32(2): 569-573. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31081768/
OKOKON J. E., & NWAFOR P. A. Antiplasmodial activity of root extract and fractions of Croton zambesicus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009, 121(1): 74-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.034
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
