Anatomical Structure of Sargassum Polycystum Thallus from Menganti and Karimunjawa Beaches, Central Java Indonesia
Abstract
Observation of anatomical characteristics can help in identifying and supporting information related to alginate productivity. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of the thallus forms Sargassum polycystum and the structural differences in the shape of the thallus from Menganti and Karimunjawa beaches. The anatomical structure of the thallus, which shows the presence of polysaccharides, is a scientific novelty to conclude that the thallus contains alginate so that it can be explored as a sustainable alginate resource. Knowing the structure of the epidermis, cortex, and medulla in the thallus can identify the presence of polysaccharides to show which parts of the talus contain alginates. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) provides a more transparent and more detailed picture of the anatomical structure of the Scanning Electron Microscopy axes, leaves, and vesicles since it has a resolving power more significant than a light microscope. The preparation method uses the Simple Air-Drying preparation technique without pretreatment. The parameters observed were the thickness of the thallus, the thickness of the epidermis, and the cortex's thickness. The data were analyzed descriptively to describe the anatomical structure. A t-test was conducted to determine the differences in the thallus' anatomical structure from Menganti and Karimunjawa beaches. The research results on the anatomical structure of S. polycystum from Menganti and Karimunjawa beaches show that the shape of the thallus axes and leaves consists of the epidermis, cortex, and medulla. In contrast, the vesicular thallus consists of the epidermis and cortex layers. From the structure of the epidermis, the presence of polysaccharides can be identified. The thickness of the epidermis from Menganti Beach was higher than that from Karimunjawa Beach. In the thallus axes and vesicles, the epidermal layer is thicker than the leaf thallus, which is assumed to contain more alginate.
Keywords: Sargassum polycystum, anatomy, scanning electron microscopy, epidermis, alginate.
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