Histological and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effect of Desloratadine Drug in Hepatic Tissues

Abstract

The main active element of loratadine (Claritin) is desloratadine (Clarinex), a non-sedating antihistamine used to treat pollen allergies and hives. The liver is responsible for drug metabolism, bioregulation, and immunomodulation. As a result, the impact of different desloratadine doses on hepatic tissues, histological characteristics, and serum liver enzymes is explored in this research. Materials and methods: In this work, thirty rats were utilized. Three organizations were made (each containing ten rats). Controls rat (Group A)./Desloratadine was given to groups B and C for 3 weeks at doses of 0.142 mg per kilogram of body weight and 0.245 mg per kilogram, respectively. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the blood were measured three weeks later; three groups had their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels measured. Animals were then sacrificed, and five µm formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from the liver were consistently produced for histological assessment under a light microscope. The histological evaluation of hepatic tissues in both treated-groups was revealed a great dilatation, congestion, edema, and necrosis, degeneration, infiltration, and atrophy of liver tissue. The treated groups had significantly increased AST, ALT, and ALP serum levels regarding the biochemical analysis. Desloratadine administration produces noticeable histological changes in a dose-dependent manner associated with increased liver enzymes AST, /ALT, and ALP.

Keywords: desloratadine, histamine, CYP3A4, liver, histology, hepatotoxicity