Comparative Study of Some New Naproxen Derivatives on the Liver and Kidney Tissues of Mice

Sadiq Al-Mansury, Nabaa Hameed Chekhyor, Adnan M. Jassim, Marwah Najeh Hammod, Saraa Amaid Kadium, Asaad H. Enad

Abstract

Naproxen is a phenyl propionic acid that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects with confirmed adverse effects on most body organs involve the stomach, intestine, liver, and kidneys. This study aimed to assess the analgesic effects of new naproxen derivatives (synthesized in other studies) and limited side effects by modifying their chemical structure by adding active groups to the parent compounds. We performed analysis of newly synthesized and administered naproxen-derived drugs on male albino mice (30-35 g) distributed into five groups; the first was named the negative control group. Four other groups administered one of the synthesized compounds of naproxen derivatives. The current study reported that the histopathological section of hepatocyte of mice treated orally with 250 mg/kg of naproxen for five days showed severe dilatation and congestion of central vein with necrosis of hepatic tissue with amyloid deposition in necrotic hepatic tissue with lymphocyte and Kupffer cells infiltration. On the other hand, the histopathological section of the liver of mice treated orally with 250 mg/kg of compound 4a for five days showing severe distraction and hemorrhage of hepatic tissue, while compound 5 showed severe necrosis of hepatic tissue with vacuolation, necrosis of hepatic tissue and inflammatory cell infiltration in rats. At the same time, the results revealed clear improvement in the liver of mice who received 4b compound via regeneration of hepatic tissue by the formation of multiple granulomas around the newly formed blood vessels and immune cell stimulation. In addition to naproxen appears amyloid deposition in necrotic renal tissue while 4b orally appears regeneration of malignant tissue by the formation of granuloma around newly formed blood vessels. Our research concludes that 4b related new derivative is a valuable focus for future seeks and potentially clinical implementation due to its relatively high efficacy and minimal adverse effects compared to another tested compound in our study.

Keywords: naproxen, mice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.


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