Synergy of Regulators and Liquidity Management in Controlling Bank Risk to Improve Bank Performance
Abstract
This study uses banking companies as the object of research, considering the bank's very important role. The research object in this is banking companies listed on the IDX during 2014-2019. The type of data in this documentary is financial statement data for banking companies in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to test the effect of the level of liquidity and adequacy on bank performance through interest rate risk and credit risk empirically. The assessment of bank performance greatly influences the comfort and confidence of prospective customers. An important objective of liquidity management is to determine and assess the bank's condition, whether it is in a healthy condition when carrying out operational activities or other activities, such as lending. The results show that all hypotheses are accepted, which means that the IRR harms the bank's ability to manage the income received by the costs incurred, influenced by the interest rate. The interest rate is determined by preference and supply of money.
Keywords: liquidity, capital adequacy ratio, return on asset, interest rate risk, agency theory.
Full Text:
PDFReferences
SAFITRI J., KADARNINGSIH A., DIN M. U., and RAHAYU S. The Effect of Credit Risk As a Mediator Between Liquidity and Capital Adequacy on Bank Performance in Banking Companies Listed on the IDX. Jurnal Penelitan Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 2020, 5(2): 152-161. https://doi.org/10.33633/jpeb.v5i2.3550
AZMAT S., AZAD A. S. M. S., GHAFFAR H., HAYAT A., and CHAZI A. Conventional vs. Islamic Banking and Macroeconomic Risk: Impact on Asset Price Bubbles. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 2020, 62(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101351
SAFITRI J., TAOLIN M. L., and PRASILOWATI S. L. Inclusion of Interest Rate Risk in Credit Risk on Bank Performance: Evidence in Indonesia. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan, 2020, 7(1): 13-26. https://doi.org/10.35838/jrap.2020.007.01.2
POWERS M. R., HASSAN A.-T. H. A., and MOHAMMED A.-M. Banks' Risk Management: a Comparison Study of UAE National and Foreign Banks. The Journal of Risk Finance, 2007, 8(4): 394-409. https://doi.org/10.1108/15265940710777333
MITTOO U. R., & VAROTTO, S. Liquidity Risk, Credit Risk, Market Risk and Bank Capital. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 2011, 7(2): 134-152. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1746915
JENSEN M. C., & MECKLING W. H. Theory of the firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 1976: 3(4): 305-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
DAVIS J. H., SCHOORMAN F. D. and DONALDSON L. Toward a Stewardship Theory of Management. Academy of management review, 1997, 22(1): 20-47. https://doi.org/10.2307/259223
SCHUMPETER J. Business Cycle. A Theoretical, Historical and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process. McGraw, New-York, USA, 1939
LELAND H. E., & PYLE. D. H. Informational Asymmetries, Financial Structure, and Financial Intermediation. The Journal of Finance, 1977, 32(2): 371-387. https://doi.org/10.2307/2326770
FAMA E. F. Banking in the Theory of Finance. Journal of Monetary Economics, 1980, 6(1): 39-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(80)90017-3
KEYNES J. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Palgrave Macmillan, London, UK, 1936.
MAROZVA G. Liquidity and Bank Performance. The International Business & Economics Research Journal, 2015, 14(3): 453-462. https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i3.9218
IDOWU P., ALU A., and ADAGUNODO E. The Effect of Information Technology on the Growth of the Banking Industry in Nigeria. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 2002, 10(1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1681-4835.2002.tb00060.x
TOBY A. J. Analysis of the Role of Banks in Financing the Agriculture and Manufacturing Sectors in Nigeria. International Journal of Research in Business Management, 2014, 2(2): 9-22. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Adolphus-Toby-2/publication/259975461_Analysis_of_the_role_of_banks_in_financing_the_agriculture_and_manufacturing_sectors_in_Nigeria/links/0a85e52ed1d6330fd5000000/Analysis-of-the-role-of-banks-in-financing-the-agriculture-and-manufacturing-sectors-in-Nigeria.pdf
LARTEY V. C., SAMUEL A., and BOADI E. K. The Relationship between Liquidity and Profitability of Listed Banks in Ghana. Journal of Managerial Finance, 2013, 7(2): 134-152. https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_4_No_3_March_2013/5.pdf
FILOMENA J., & SIMONA V. Commercial Banks Performance 2008-2012. Business, Management and Education, 2013, 11(2): 189-208. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2013.11
HERMAN PALENI S. H., & DADANG PRASETYO J. Determinants of Profitability: Evidence from Indonesian Firms. International Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2017, 11(3): 1049-1057. https://web.a.ebscohost.com/abstract?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=13071637&AN=135860518&h=HTBnbCYxVxuUEqbTNv2uIXQpUy2raAdvdh1KC76xAou5J6yH896zUJYf%2fB%2fw53oKy4yMUGrm%2foKBbtYC9mUFgQ%3d%3d&crl=c&resultNs=AdminWebAuth&resultLocal=ErrCrlNotAuth&crlhashurl=login.aspx%3fdirect%3dtrue%26profile%3dehost%26scope%3dsite%26authtype%3dcrawler%26jrnl%3d13071637%26AN%3d135860518
CHAVARIN R. Determinants of Commercial Bank Profitability in Mexico. EconoQuantum, 2015, 12(1): 97-123. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2495644
ALBULESCU C. T. Banks’ Profitability and Financial Soundness Indicators: A Macro-Level Investigation in Emerging Countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2015, 23(1): 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00551-1
MALIK R., BAIG S. A., ABBASS Z., and ZIA-UR-REHMAN M. Bank Peculiar, Macroeconomic Causes and Profitability of Banks: An Evidence from Pakistan. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 2015, 7(4): 14-41. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3495251
RAHMAN M. M., HAMID M. K., and KHAN M. A. M. Determinants of Bank Profitability: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Management, 2015, 10(8): 135-150. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n8p135
ISLAM M. S., & NISHIYAMA S.-I. The Determinants of Bank Profitability: Dynamic Panel Evidence from South Asian Countries. Journal of Applied Finance and Banking, 2016, 6(3): 77-97. http://www.scienpress.com/Upload/JAFB/Vol%206_3_6.pdf
BOADI E. K., LI Y., and LARTEY V. C. Role of Bank Specific, Macroeconomic and Risk Determinants of Banks Profitability: Empirical Evidence from Ghana's Rural Banking Industry. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2016, 6(2): 111-121. https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/1835/pdf
OWOPUTI J. A., KAYODE O. F., and ADEYEFA F. A. Bank Specific, Industry Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Profitability in Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 2014, 10(25): 101-111. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2014.v10n25p%25p
PUTRANTO A., HERWANY A., and SUMIRAT E. The Determinants of Commercial Bank Profitability in Indonesia. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, 2014, 5(2): 1-10. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2456092
MARGONO H., WARDANI M. K., and SAFITRI J. Roles of Capital Adequacy and Liquidity to Improve Banking Performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 2020, 7(11), 75-81. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no11.075
BALDAN C., ZEN F., and REBONATO T. Liquidity Risk and Interest Rate Risk on Banks: Are They Related? Munich Personal Research Papers in Economics Archive Paper, 2012, 21(5): 1-37. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/41323/1/MPRA_paper_41323.pdf
JARA-BERTIN M., ARIAS MOYA J., and RODRIGUEZ PERALES A. Determinants of Bank Performance: Evidence for Latin America. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 2014, 27(2): 164-182. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-04-2013-0030
PETRIA N., CAPRARU B., and IHNATOV I. Determinants of Banks’ Profitability: Evidence from EU 27 Banking Systems. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2015, 20(7): 518-524. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00104-5
BHATTACHARYA H. Capital Regulation and Rising Risk of Banking Industry: A Financial Accounting Perspective. Academy of Banking Studies Journal, 2013, 12(1): 31-59. https://www.proquest.com/openview/eb09f8713adb89a071ec8678ec58fb47/1.pdf?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=39596
JHA S., & HUI X. A Comparison of Financial Performance of Commercial Banks: A Case Study of Nepal. African Journal of Business Management, 2012, 6(25): 7601-7611. https://academicjournals.org/article/article1380972681_Jha%20and%20Hui.pdf
GOODFRIEND M. Interest Rates and the Conduct of Monetary Policy. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, 1991, 34: 7-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2231(91)90002-M
CULP C. L. Credit and Interest Rate Risk in the Business of Banking. Derivatives Quarterly, 1998, 4(4): 19-35.
PAPADAMOU S., & SIRIOPOULOS C. Interest Rate Risk and the Creation of the Monetary Policy Committee: Evidence from banks’ and Life Insurance Companies’ Stocks in the UK. Journal of Economics and Business, 2014, 71(5): 45-67. https://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.jeconbus.2013.09.001;h=repec:eee:jebusi:v:71:y:2014:i:c:p:45-67
OBEROI J. Interest Rate Risk Management and the Mix of Fixed and Floating Rate Debt. Journal of Banking & Finance, 2017, 7(3): 1-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.09.001
GALLITSCHKE J., SEIFRIED S., and SEIFRIED F. T. Interbank interest Rates: Funding Liquidity Risk and XIBOR basis spreads. Journal of Banking & Finance, 2017, 78(3): 142-152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.01.002
DREHMANN M., SORENSEN S., and STRINGA M.. The Integrated Impact of Credit and Interest Rate Risk on Banks: A Dynamic Framework and Stress Testing Application. Journal of Banking & Finance, 2010, 34(4): 713-729.
FERNANDEZ V. Interest Rate Risk in an Emerging Economy. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 2004, 44(5): 678-709.
ESPOSITO L., NOBILI A., and ROPELE T. The Management of Interest Rate Risk During the Crisis: Evidence from Italian Banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 2015, 59(2): 486-504.
WAHYUDI S., MAWARDI W., and SAFITRI J. Influence of Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk as a Moderating Liquidity on Bank Performance in Indonesia. International Conference on Risk Management as Interdisciplinary Approach 2020, 2020. https://icrmia.ipb.ac.id/
SHOLIHIN M. & RATMONO D. Analisis SEM-PLS dengan WarpPLS 3.0. Andi Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2013.
BARON R. M., & KENNY D. A. The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 1986, 51(6): 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
AHMAD R. A Study of Relationship Between Liquidity and Profitability of Standard Charterd Bank Pakistan: Analysis of Financial Statement Approach. Global Journal of Management And Business Research, 2016, 10(3): 111-120. https://globaljournals.org/GJMBR_Volume16/7-A-Study-of-Relationship.pdf
EZIKE J. E., & OKE M. O. Capital Adequacy Standards, Basle Accord and Bank Performance: Nigerian Experience (Study Case Selected Banks in Nigeria). Asian Economic and Financial Review, 2013, 7(1): 10-23. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1088.1020&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.