The Detection of Environmental Degradation Cause in Mangroves Area: Case in the Surabaya Coast
Abstract
Only 22% of existent mangroves in the world are spread throughout Indonesia’s coastal areas. However, mangrove degradation in Indonesia is higher than in other countries. The mangrove deforestation rate in Indonesia is 52,000 ha/year or 6% per year on average. There has also been mangrove degradation in Surabaya, Indonesia. This is contradictory because mangrove environmental management efforts in the Surabaya Coast are ongoing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of mangrove degradation as well as to evaluate the environmental sustainability management model in the observation area using the quantitative descriptive method. Based on this study, mangrove area degradation still occurs on the Surabaya Coast due to human activity, the mangrove environment used for tourism has less degradation than other areas, and the mangrove areas in several locations have created ownership authorization disputes between communities or a community and the government. To maintain mangroves’ environmental sustainability, environmental conservation, enforcement of strict regulations, and development of mangrove tourism areas and education centers are recommended.
Keywords: degradation, environment, mangroves.
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