Limiting Parameter for Modifying the Snyder Synthetic Unit Hydrograph
Abstract
Synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) is a method for estimating the use of the unit hydrograph concept in a design that does not involve direct measurement of flood hydrographs. Snyder is a synthetic unit hydrographs that is often used in Indonesia. There are two non-physical parameters in the Snyder SUH model that are functions of watershed characteristics, such as Ct and Cp. The use of this method under Indonesian conditions is still difficult because the determination of the coefficients requires a calibration process for each area. This research aimed to investigate which parameters influence the coefficient Cp (coefficient that is depended on the watershed characteristic), Ct (coefficient that is depended on the basin slope), Tp (time to peak of hydrograph), Tb (time base of hydrograph), and Qp (peak discharge of hydrograph) in the Snyder SUH model for parts of Indonesia’s watersheds. This research was conducted in 10 watersheds spread throughout some provinces of Indonesia. ARR (automatic rainfall recorder) and AWLR (automatic water level recorder) must complete the selected watersheds. The methodology consists of collecting characteristic watershed data and investigating the factors that influence each parameter using variance analysis (Anova). The result shows that the parameter estimate of Ct to Tp = f(Ct, L, and Lc) with R2 is 72.8%, that of Ct to Tp = f(Ct, L, and Lc) with R2 is 73.5%, that of Ct to Tp = f(L, Lc, Lb, Wr, and S) with R2 = 90.2%, that of Qp to Cp = f(Cp, A, and Tp) with R2 = 96.8%, that of Qp to Tp = f(Cp, A, and Tp) with R2 is 95.6%, that of Cp to Qp = f(Tp, A, Ai, K, and L) with R2 = 99.0%, and that of Tb to Qp with R2 is 73.5%.
Keywords: synthetic unit hydrograph, flood, Snyder.
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