Optimization of Energy Utilization in Aquaculture Ponds by Automation and IoT Monitoring

Ridwan Ridwan, M. Alvin Mubarok, Rudi Irawan

Abstract

Maintaining water quality in aquaculture, such as temperature and pH, is crucial because the life of organisms is dependent on the quality of the water. The water temperature can indicate the condition of the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. Aerators play an important role in the aeration system of aquatic ponds. However, it requires quite large operational costs, especially due to the large energy consumption by the aerator system. The research reported here provides a method to optimize the energy management in aquaculture aeration systems using automation and monitoring systems based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The research developed a system that can guarantee the optimum DO concentration and pH with efficient energy consumption. The rotation speed of the aerator motor is set proportional to the water temperature, which relates to the DO concentration. The higher the concentration, the higher the rotation speed of the aerator because it indicates a lower DO concentration. This results in the concentration of DO being optimized with optimum energy consumption. The pH of water is set to neutral by regulating the salt sprinkler. If the pH is low, the salt sprinkler will pour the salt until the pH is neutral. The controlled parameters are also remotely monitored via IoT and displayed on an LCD and smartphone. The research results show that the system can optimize the energy used by the aerator system to guarantee the optimum condition of aquatic water because the aerator and pH controller function proportionally to the real need. The results can help aquatic farmers to optimize the energy use by the aerator system without sacrificing the water quality by using an automated IoT real-time monitoring system. The monitoring system can record data that can be used by farmers to further improve yield and reduce cost.

 

Keywords: aerator, aquaculture, energy, Internet of Things, automation.

 

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.51.3.2


Full Text:

PDF


References


KALEEM O., & SABI A. F. B. S. Overview of aquaculture systems in Egypt and Nigeria, prospects, potentials, and constraints. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2021, 6: 535–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2020.07.017

YUE K., & SHEN Y. An overview of disruptive technologies for aquaculture. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2022, 7: 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2021.04.009

PHILLIPS M., SUBASINGHE R. P., TRAN N., KASSAM L., and CHAN C. Y. Aquaculture big numbers. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2016. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/fc912f26-b941-41d5-b213-b1a4ea4a7f78/

DONGYU Q. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture – towards blue transformation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2022. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en?details=cc0461en

FERREIRA N. C., BONNETTI C., and SEIFFERT W. Q. Hydrological and water quality indices as management tools in marine shrimp culture. Aquaculture, 2011, 318(3-4): 425–433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.05.045

SUWARSIH, MARSOEDI, HARAHAB N., and MAHMUDI M. Kondisi kualitas air pada budidaya udang di tambak wilayah pesisir kecamatan palang kabupaten Tuban. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Kelautan, Madura, 2016, pp. 138-143. https://ilmukelautan.trunojoyo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/21_Prosiding_semnaskel_2016_1a.pdf

MENTERI KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN RI. Peraturan Nomor 75/PERMEN-KP/2016: Tentang Pedoman umum Pembesaran Udang Windu (Panaeus Monodon) dan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei). Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan RI, 2016.

GU H., & WANG Y. The development status, issues and trends of pond aeration technology in China. Fishery Modernization, 2014, 41(5): 65-68.

BOYD C. E., TORRANS E. L., and TUCKER C. S. Dissolved Oxygen and Aeration in Ictalurid Catfish Aquaculture. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2018, 49: 7–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12469

HAYUNINGTYAS E. P., ABINAWANTO E. K., PRIYADI A., and ALIAH R. S. Expression of the Growth Hormone Gene during Early Development of Tiger Shovelnose Catfish (Pseudoplatystoma Fasciatum Linnaeus, 1766). Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, 2022, 49(7): 190-198. https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.7.21

BOYD C. E., TUCKER C., MCNEVIN A., BOSTICK K., and CLAY J. Indicators of Resource Use Efficiency and Environmental Performance in Fish and Crustacean Aquaculture. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 2007, 15(4): 327- 360. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641260701624177

JAYANTHI M., BALASUBRAMANIAM A. A. K., SURYAPRAKASH S., VEERAPANDIAN N., RAVISANKAR T., and VIJAYAN K. K. Assessment of standard aeration efficiency of different aerators and its relation to the overall economics in shrimp culture. Aquacultural Engineering, 2021, 92: 1021-1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2020.102142

BOYD C. E., & MCNEVIN A. A. Aerator energy use in shrimp farming and means for improvement. Journal World Aquaculture Society, 2020, 52: 6–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12753

DENG H., PENG L., ZHANG J., TANG C., FANG H., and LIU H. An intelligent aerator algorithm inspired-by deep learning. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16: 2990–3002. https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2019148

RIDWAN, IRAWAN R., and MUBAROK M. A. Pengaruh Jumlah Lubang Pada Sudu Terhadap Performa Kincir Air Tambak Type Paddle Wheel. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahunan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Hasanudin, 2022. http://prosiding.bkstm.org/prosiding/2022/PM-007.pdf

MUBAROK M. A., IRAWAN R., and RIDWAN. Analysis of Variations of the Number of Blades and Holes of Paddle Wheel Type Aerator at 120-RPM Rotation Speed. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering, Maldives, 2022, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCME55909.2022.9988519

RIDWAN, IRAWAN R., and MUBAROK M. A. Number of holes and blades to control the performance of aquaculture aerator. Aquaculture and Fisheries, 2023, 8(6): 672-680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaf.2023.02.007

AL-SHEIKH R. K., ALSHRAIDEH M., and AL-SHARAEH S. Variable-slot split scheduling algorithm technique for real-time industrial wireless sensor networks. Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, 2021, 48(11): 206-214. http://jonuns.com/index.php/journal/article/view/858

ROSALINE N., & SATHYALAKSHIMI S. IoT based aquaculture monitoring and control system. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019, 1362(1): 012071. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1362/1/012071

HUAN J., LI H., WU F., and CAO W. Design of water quality monitoring system for aquaculture ponds based on NB-IoT. Aquacultural Engineering, 2020, 90: 102088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2020.102088

BOYD C. E. Water Quality Management for Pond Fish Culture. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1982. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19821428342

SIEGERS W. H., PRAYITNO Y., and SARI A. Pengaruh kualitas air terhadap pertumbuhan ikan nila Nirwana (Oreochromis sp.) pada tambak payau. The Journal of Fisheries Development, 2019, 3(2): 95-104. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/229022288.pdf


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.