Biological Activities of Polar Extracts and Phytochemicals Isolated from Trifolium Hybridum L.
Abstract
Trifolium hybridum L. (Alsike clover), a member of Fabaceae, is mainly used as a fodder crop. However, the related species such as T. repenes, T. arvense, and T. pratense have already been explored for their antioxidant, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory potentials. As little information was available on T. hybridium, the current study aimed to monitor the pharmaceutical role of root, stem, and leaves extracts of T. hybridum on microbial infections and oxidative stresses via, in vitro approach. The study revealed that ethanolic extract of leaves showed the highest inhibitory potential of 24.6 ± 0.57 mm against K. pneumoniae and acetone extract of leaves showed the highest inhibition of 22.3 ± 1.15 mm against Morganella. Other extracts including ethanol and acetone showed moderate inhibition against other selected microbes including methacillin-resistant S. aureus. Regarding the antioxidant activity tannins extracted from leaves showed higher activity with an absorbance of 1.951 ± 0.096 compared to flavonoids, alkaloids, and β-carotenes. Furthermore, compound isolation and purification showed a total of 20 fractions, which were further evaluated in antimicrobial assays. All were proved to be less active as compared to crude extract. Therefore, the crude extract of T. hybridum was considered more potent and suggested for further studies for isolation and identification of potential novel compounds.
Keywords: Trifolium, phytochemicals, chromatography, medicinal plants.
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