Cost-Effective HPLC Method for Identification of Rosmarinic Acid in Methanol Extract of Ocimum Basilicum

Fatima Qamar, Safila Naveed, Aisha Sana, Syeda Zainab, Aymen Owais, Sidra Yameen, Sadaf Yasmeen, Halima Sadia, Shaheen Faizi

Abstract

Prescribing herbal remedies is now becoming common by many practitioners, who propose herbal treatments along with conventional medicine systems to treat various ailments considering their synergistic effects. Rosmarinic acid is a potent phenolic compound and caffeic acid derivative. It has many miraculous biological activities. Anti-allergic, anti-angiogenic, anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, anti-microbial activity, and antiviral effect of rosmarinic acid has already been documented in previous literature. It is widely present in many formulations because of its hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect. This study aimed to develop and validate a RP-HPLC method for the standardization of O. basilicum L. raw material and extracts by using rosmarinic acid as a marker. The study also aimed to quantify the rosmarinic acid content in the methanol extract of O. basilicum leaves. A simple and cost-effective High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for determining rosmarinic acid in Ocimum basilicum plant extract has been developed and validated. Methanol-water-orthophosphoric acid in the ratio of 95:5:1 was used as the mobile phase using a C18 reversed-phase column for the HPLC method. Signals were detected at 254 nm. The rosmarinic acid content was found to be 4.2 mg/10 mg of the plant extract. The method is sensitive and reproducible and ideal for quick routine analysis and can be employed for detecting rosmarinic acid in other herbs. Despite the availability of literature on the medicinal properties of this plant and its chemical constituents, only a limited number of papers have been published on the determination of the rosmarinic acid in Ocimum basilicum plant using RP-HPLC. Moreover, this is the first report that quantifies rosmarinic acid in the plant extract by HPLC without using expensive columns and complex buffer systems that deteriorate the chromatographic columns and in turn, enhance the cost of the used process.

 

Keywords: rosmarinic acid, high pressure liquid chromatography, Ocimum basilicum extract, linearity, accuracy, precision.

 

https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.9.15


Full Text:

PDF


References


BILAL A, JAHAN N, AHMED A, et al. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on Ocimum basilicum Linn-A review. International Journal of Current Research and Review, 2012, 23: 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1001-7844(13)60020-6

PETERSEN M, & SIMMONDS MS. Rosmarinic acid. Phytochemistry, 2003, 62: 121-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00513-7.

ERKAN N, AYRANCI G, AYRANCI E. Antioxidant activities of rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) extract, blackseed (Nigella sativa L.) essential oil, carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and sesame oil. Food Chemistry, 2008, 110: 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.01.058

SWARUP V, GHOSH J, GHOSH S, SAXENA A, BASU A. Antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of rosmarinic acid in an experimental murine model of Japanese encephalitis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2007, 51: 3367-3370. https://doi.org/10.1128/aac.00041-07

BAIS HP, WALKER TS, SCHWEIZER HP, VIVANCO JM. Root-specific elicitation and antimicrobial activity of rosmarinic acid in hairy root cultures of Ocimum basilicum Plant. Physiology and Biochemistry, 2002, 40: 983-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0981-9428(02)01460-2

TADA H, MURAKAMI Y, OMOTO T, SHIMOMURA K, ISHIMARU K. Rosmarinic acid and related phenolics in hairy root cultures of Ocimum basilicum. Phytochemistry, 1996, 42: 431-434. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00005-2

KINTZIOS S, MAKRI O, PANAGIOTOPOULOS E, SCAPETI M. In vitro rosmarinic acid accumulation in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Biotechnology Letters, 2003, 25: 405-408.

GOVINDARAJAN M, SIVAKUMAR R, RAJESWARY M, YOGALAKSHMI K. Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum (L.) against Culextritaeniorhynchus, Aedesalbopictus and Anopheles subpictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Experimental Parasitology, 2013, 134: 7-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2013.01.018

HUSSAIN AI, ANWAR F, SHERAZIST, PRZYBYLSKI R. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimum basilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. Food Chemistry, 2008, 108: 986-995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.010

CHIANG LC, NG LT, CHENG PW, CHIANG W, LIN CC. Antiviral activities of extracts and selected pure constituents of Ocimum basilicum. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 2005, 32: 811-816. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04270.x

MIRAJ S, & KIANI S. Study of pharmacological effect of Ocimum basilicum: A review. Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2016, 8: 276-280.

SHARMA M, KISHORE K, GUPTA SK, JOSHI S, ARYA DS. Cardioprotective potential of Ocimum sanctum in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in rats. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2001, 225: 75-83.

WANG H, PROVAN GJ, & HELLIWELL K. Determination of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in aromatic herbs by HPLC. Food Chemistry, 2004, 87: 307-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.12.029

ACHAMLALE S, REZZONICO B, & GRIGNON-DUBOIS M. Rosmarinic acid from beach waste: Isolation and HPLC quantification in Zostera detritus from Arcachon lagoon. Food Chemistry, 2009, 113: 878-883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.040


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.